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4.5.2 Postal services

In the beginnings of the colony there was no regular postal service. A limited postal service did develop. From 1860 on the mail for all communities of the district office Alt-Posttal, to which Krasna belonged, was picked up once a week in Kauschany 1) or delivered there. After a few years it was taken to Sarata and later to Dennewitz. The communities brought the mail to the district office and picked up the mail there as well. Private mail could be taken to the community chancellery and picked up from there, as well. Upon occasion the policeman delivered mail that was not picked up.

Colonist Law decreed in regards to official mails: Official letters and packages are to be moved from village to village in the order received and transported with great haste and no objections. District and village mayors are instructed to keep special books listing the senders and addressees of the mails and the dates of arrival.

The communities supplied the necessary riders and wagons for this postal service. A post office opened in Tarutino in 1875. A telegraph office opened in 1877. From 1880 on the mail arrived daily from the Leipzig station, which was progress. The Tarutino post office also was responsible for Krasna. The mail came from Tarutino 2-3 times per week and outgoing mail was taken there.
During all of World War I and even longer until 1921, Paris was the only government sanctioned postal station. Only from there could letters, telegrams and packages be sent to the soldiers serving in the war.

In Rumanian times the Tarutino post office sent a mailman on horseback to the surrounding communities. He brought the mail several times a week (letters and newspapers) to the Primaria in Krasna and he took the outgoing mail back with him. The people had to deliver their mail there and pick it up from there, as well. The policeman sometimes delivered mails, as well. In the 1930's, Krasna had a small postal station in the community administration building. The position of Postmaster was given to the highest bidder for the job.

Mail delivery was poor in Rumanian times. Father Schumacher remarked in 1938: The daily newspaper to which I subscribe arrives 3-4 times a week, sometimes only once. My mail does not arrive regularly at all. He then also writes about several instances where the mail did not arrive at all and where money shipments were stolen. 2)

Poschtars

A special institution in the colonies was the Poschtar service. According to colonist law all mayoral offices of the colonies were instructed to transport officials or citizens on official business in order and post-haste.

The law stipulated furthermore: The colonists are obligated to provide wagons:

  1. for the postal service as needed,
  2. for the escort of prisoners,
  3. for officials on official duty,
  4. for individuals with credentials for this service.

The mayors shall furthermore see to it that the colonists will not charge these officials for the provision of horses and or wagons, except the officers of the rural police. Travelers on official business are not permitted to ask for a larger number of horses than stipulated in their documents. In order to prevent abuse of the privilege, the colonies shall keep records containing the names of the travelers, the issuer of their documentation, how many horses are taken, how many returned, who the driver was and if the traveler paid any road tolls.

Some communities just employed a poschtar, or mailman, who handled these transports. The chronicle of Alt-Posttal 3) notes: The lowest bidder received the job for three years, as long as the other conditions were met. A Poschtar for the district office had to have 2 good horses and a wagon with a seat with springs. People who owned 4 good draft horses, 2 good wagons with springs in the seats and a good mount only obtained the community poschtar office. They had to be available around the clock to bring the authorized officials to the next community. On official trips the postal bell was supposed to be attached to the front axle and people, hearing the bell, were supposed to move off the road. After annexation to Rumania, this institution was soon abolished.

How outsiders judged this service is obvious in the following note: 4) Travel in the steppes is not easy. A farmer in each village is on postal duty and he is obligated to transport the traveler to the next village where the postal servant has to be located to continue with the journey. I had to spend two additional days in Tarutino since I just could not secure a conveyance.

1)
The administration bureau of Bessarabia was located there until 1833.
2)
ARCHIVAL MATERIAL FROM THE COMMUNITY OF KRASNA; MICROCOPY T81, ROLL 599, from the NATIONAL ARCHIVES II at College Park, MD, USA
3)
Gackle, Herbert, History of the congregation Alt-Posttal (Bessarabia), Markgronigen/Wuerttemberg, 1983, p. 241
4)
From the report of Oskar Walcker, grandson of the firm founder Eberhard Friedrich Walcker. He describes a journey to Bessarabia to set up an organ in 1905
en/krasna/f-04-05-02.txt · Last modified: 2019/05/22 14:58 by Otto Riehl Herausgeber